Cervical screening, sometimes called a smear test, is a simple health check that helps prevent cervical cancer. It’s quick, free through the NHS, and can save lives by catching changes early. Here’s everything you need to know to feel prepared and confident.
Cervical screening is a test to check the health of your cervix, the opening to the womb. It’s not a test for cancer but looks for a virus called human papillomavirus (HPV) that can cause abnormal cell changes. If high-risk HPV is found, the sample is checked for cell changes that might need monitoring or treatment to prevent cancer. Nearly all cervical cancer cases are linked to high-risk HPV, so this test is a powerful way to stay safe.
If you’re aged 25 to 64 and have a cervix, you’re eligible for cervical screening. This includes:
You’ll get an invitation from the NHS every 5 years. If you’re not registered as female with your GP, you can still book a screening by contacting your GP or a local clinic.
The screening is quick, usually taking about 5–10 minutes:
You might feel a little discomfort, but most people find it quick and manageable. You can ask for a female nurse or bring someone with you for support.
Here are some tips to make your screening stress-free:
If you’re worried about pain or embarrassment, let the nurse know. They can use a smaller speculum or explain each step to put you at ease.
You’ll usually get your results by post within 2 to 6 weeks. Most people have a normal result, meaning no HPV or cell changes were found. If results show HPV or abnormal cells, you may need a follow-up test, like a colposcopy, to take a closer look. Don’t worry—abnormal cells are not cancer, and early treatment can prevent problems.
Cervical screening saves lives by spotting changes before they turn into cancer. It’s one of the best ways to protect yourself, even if you’ve had the HPV vaccine or haven’t been sexually active. If you’re pregnant, you can usually delay screening until after your baby is born—just check with your GP.
Does cervical screening hurt?
It might feel a bit uncomfortable, but it’s usually not painful. Tell your nurse if it’s difficult—they can make adjustments.
What if I haven’t been sexually active?
Your risk of HPV is low, but you can still have the test if you want. Talk to your GP to decide what’s best for you.
I’m trans or non-binary—can I get screened?
Yes, if you have a cervix, you’re eligible. Contact your GP or a clinic to arrange an appointment, even if you don’t get an automatic invitation.
We’re here to support you through every step of your cervical screening. It’s a small step that makes a big difference to your health. If you’ve received an invitation or are due for a test, call us at 02921 855011. Not sure if you’re due? Contact us, and we’ll check for you.
For more information please visit Cervical Screening Wales.
